Various processes, including albedo change (the change in reflectivity when ice and snow are replaced by open land or ocean), amplify the warming which is observed in the Arctic. Yet the situation is complicated. Cloud cover can change, which also affects reflectivity and can reduce or increase Arctic warming. Atmospheric patterns can likewise change, as can the state of the atmosphere in general. Overall, although we know that the Arctic is warming faster than the planet as a whole, how great this amplification will be in the future remains uncertain.
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